(Weatherby, 1879). The snails identified in Pasco County look different from the ones previously seen in Miami-Dade County: Their flesh is creamy white, rather than grayish brown. Penis simple, elongate-conical, without papillae (Fig. Haitia bermudezi Freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of North America. 69). A single glandular crest present on apex of terminal lobe (Figs. An invasive snail species known as the giant African land snail has officially been eradicated in the state of Florida after years of attempts and $24 million worth . Prepared by Fred G. Thompson, Fmr. 124). Papilla with a duct that leads to a blind caecum in nape of snail. Small- or medium-sized snails need to be identified with the aid of a binocular dissecting microscope that is equipped with an ocular micrometer calibrated to 0.1 mm accuracy so that precise measurements can be made. Outer lip straight in lateral profiles. The planorbid fauna of the southeastern states is particularly poorly known. Browse and enjoy! Thompson, F. G. 1997. Penis with a few simple scattered superior tubercles on outer surface; parapical crest on a low ridge; accessory crest and inferior crest absent (Fig. This causes problems in species identification and yield an undermeasure of the actual number of species that exist in nature. Surface smooth, glossy, striations when present very weak. (Pfeiffer, 1839). Most inhabit fresh water, but some also occur in brackish water. Inferior crest usually present. Evolution has proceeded primarily through reproductive and trophic specializations. It occurs in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan and Brazil (Figure 1) (Raut and Ghose 1984; Biswas et al. Shell nearly smooth, sculptured with irregularly spaced incremental striations (Figs. Ferrissia is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere. Shell specimens should be cleaned and air-dried. Shell usually with raised spiral threads around periphery, frequently the uppermost thread has conical or triangular spines (Figs. Applesnails are tropical to subtropical organisms and cannot survive below 50F in the winter (Florida DOACS, 2002). Operculum corneas, without pegs on inner or outer surface. Penis with two or more longitudinal crests within U-shaped superior tubercle (Fig. Shell rounded at the periphery (Figs. Length of shell 3.0-4.0 mm (Fig. University of Florida 1978. Important diagnostic characteristics for subfamilies, genera, and species are found in the female reproductive system, the male reproductive organ (the penis), and modifications of the radular teeth. (Fig. Shell planular or disc-shaped; spire flat when raised above succeeding whorls (Figs. 141). Now officially known as simply a Snail Kite, the subspecies from Florida and Cuba (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) formerly known as the Everglade Snail Kite was listed as endangered in 1967.The range of the Florida population of Snail Kites is restricted to watersheds in the central and . Clench, W.J., & S. L. H. Fuller. CLICK ON EACH PHOTO Fallen Angel Wing -Atlantic Mud Piddock Boring Angel Wing- Striate Piddock Rice Olive Penis with invaginated cave-like pit within U-shaped superior tubercles. Aperture non-operculate; mantle cavity modified into a lung. Shell larger, thicker, and opaque; spire 0.9-1.3 times length of aperture; with more than 4.2 whorls; penis flagellum with glandular crests. Vail, V. A. Floridobia vanhyningi Floridobia is known from peninsular Florida north along the Atlantic seaboard to Maine. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Acaemy of Sciences, 32: 241-65. Numerous species of exotic snails are serious pests of plants and threats to public health. Nuclear whorl 0.41 mm in diameter transverse to initial suture. (Lea, 1834). Endemic New World genera occur in Cuba, Jamaica, and northern South America. Shell with or without bright bands; with low wavy growth wrinkles; large but not robust, 23-28 mm long. Penny Sprite) Micromenetus floridensis (Baker, 1945). Though small, this elusive specimen is a rare and valuable jewel, waiting to be discovered. Tadpole Physa Work through the questions, each time choosing the characteristic that best matches your snail from the two choices. Apex distinctly convex in outline. 162-164). 70, 71). Hello Bruce. Common name: Florida applesnail Taxonomy: available through Identification: This species is the largest freshwater gastropod native to North America (Burch 1982). Live field samples should be divided into two groups, one to be preserved for shells, the other to be preserved for anatomical specimens. The criterion of inbreeding for defining species cannot be applied, and other objective criteria are not yet been established. Adults with six teeth in aperture, two on the parietal wall and four on the palatal wall. The systematic relationships of the hydrobiid snail genus Nymphophilus Taylor, 1966 and the status of the Subfamily Nymphophilinae. They are beautiful when they are alive because the body of the snail is black with tiny white dots like the milky way galaxy. 1, 2). Campeloma floridense NotogiIlia wetherby Operculum with about 6 slowly expanding whorls (Fig. Shell coiled to the left, with the aperture on the left side (Figs.147-158). Size smaller than last species, seldom exceeding 10 mm in width (Figs.194-196). (Jay, 1839). MESZAROS: It's not clear how these snails entered Florida again. Another variety, with cream-colored flesh and mottled brown shells, was detected in 2022. Credit: Craig Pittman. (Mihalcik & Thompson, 2002). 1945. Smooth-ribbed Hydrobe M-879 CONE SNAIL, Conus floridanus A small and less poisonous species, no one has ever died or been stung by one of these slow-movers, but like all cones, they have a venomous proboscis. Color uniform olive-green, never banded (Fig. A giant African snail sighting in Florida enacted a quarantine over parasite concerns. (Haldeman, 1841). 89-91). 49, 50). The reader will discover how very little we know about any genus occurring in Florida. Pomacea paludosa, common name the Florida applesnail, is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails . This genus of minute freshwater snails is endemic to the Florida peninsula. Lower margin of aperture advanced beyond upper margin so that plane of aperture slopes posteriorly when viewed from the side (Figs.189-193). 40). Shell sculptured with very fine, uniformly spaced axial threads (Figs.168-170). 32). Males with penis at anterior right corner of mantle cavity. Shell large, 80-100 mm wide. Goldenhorn Marisa 4, 5). 1963. They achieve their greatest diversity in genera and species in temperate North America. Aphaostracon pycnus (Walker, 1908). 113). Average length about 5.5 mm (Figs. Approximately 35 species have been described. 172). 12). 1956. 201, 207). 56). Operculum tightly coiled with four slowly expanding whorls (Figs. Prominent minor spiral sculpture along periphery. Choctawhatchee Elimia (Thompson, 1968). (Reeve, 1856). Shell large, 3.7-4.5 mm long; adults with 4.6-5.3 whorls; lower corner of aperture slightly extended forward as a weak, tongue-like projection (Fig. Outer lip of aperture arched forward (Figs. Whorls of spire weakly scalariform, causing the suture to be deeply incised. (Call, 1886). Florida Cone (Family) Conidae Distinguishing Characteristics: The Cones are easily identified by the distinctive cone-like shape and a long aperture that reaches up to their shoulder. Banded Mysterysnail In 2011, a population of the pests was discovered in Miami-Dade County. Fenney Spring Hydrobe Aperture ovate; broadly attached to preceding whorl. Shell light brown and frequently mottled with rust-colored spots that may form a spiral row below the suture. Native and Invasive Land Snails Hawaiian Snails ( Partulina virgulata) From Molokai Island, Hawaii, 1900s-1960s Giant African Snails ( Lissachatina fulica) From Mariana Islands, North Pacific Ocean, 1950 Rosy Wolf Snail ( Euglandina rosea) From Gulf Co., Florida, 1983 Exhibit Area On the Brink Theme Warning Story Tags: Brink Invasive Invertebrates 135). Adult shell about 4-5 mm high; umbilicus wide; columellar margin of the aperture concave in outline (Fig. The aquatic snail fauna of the southeastern United States has long been recognized for its richness and diversity. 15, 18). Whorls shouldered above near suture (Fig. Suture relatively shallow. Ichetucknee Siltsnail Adults with about 5 whorls, and 10-13 mm wide (Figs.177-179). Click on the link in the row that best matches your snail. 34); penis frlattened, blade-like (Fig. Height of shell about 14-16 mm; width, 10-12 mm (Figs. A single species consisting of two highly variable subspecies occurs in Florida. Shell smaller, generally less than 12 mm long. 116a, 116b). 112), occurs in the Ocmulgee River system in Georgia. Shell with 5.6-6.8 whorls; about 3.2-4.5 mm long (Fig. (Lea, 1858). Apex proportionally longer, about 0.3-0.5 times length of shell. 203, 209). Whorls of spire pointed and scalariform (steplike with nearly flat shoulders and deep sutures). 160, 163, 166). Identification Damage from snail and slug pests appears as oblong, irregular holes at both the margin and the center of leaves and flowers. Adult shells about 40 70 mm high (Fig. Parietal margin of operculum concave (Fig. One species, Spilochlamys turgida (Thompson, 1969), the Pumpkin Siltsnail (Fig. Floridobia mica (Frauenfeld, 1863). Includes the limpkin, a Sunshine State specialty. Suture of whorls more deeply impressed than in previous species. (Fmr.) In previous editions of the manual the Florida species were placed in the genus Physella. Shell dark brown. 105, 106). Shell coiled to the right, with the aperture on the right side (Figs. Shell sexually dimorphic in size, males about one-third as long as females. Shell medium to large (12-75 mm). Published April 18, 2013 Apex about 0.4-0.5 times length of shell. Only three widely distributed species occur in Florida. Laevapex peninsulas Campeloma parthenum (Gastropoda: Viviparidae), a new species from north Florida. (Anthony, 1860). Marsh Sprite Radula with tricuspid lateral teeth (Fig. October 14, 2021 7:00 am. Aperture relatively ample (Figs. 199). Paper fig A Florida Gulf Coast specialty shell! The snail can wreak havoc on agriculture and carry a parasite that causes meningitis in humans.. RELATED: Proof of megalodon extinction is in their teeth, scientists say. 75). Sculpture above periphery of whorls consisting of sharp spiral chords and distinct vertical ribs; shell attenuate. 7-9). From a distance, the snail kite generally resembles a medium-sized hawk with broad wings. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 129: 401-61. Many species are secondarily modified to appear right-handed or pseudo-dextral (FIGS. 33); males without copulatory structures. Shell conical, spire moderatly high. (Reeve, 1860). 159, 162, 165). Elimia floridensis ssp. Parapical crest of verge greatly enlarged. Elimia doolyensis Shell conical or cylindric-conical; light to dark brown. Dasyscia franzi There were no references to cover the entire state. Central tooth of radula with basocones located on fore or lateral wing of tooth (Figs. Identifications are difficult in many instances without properly preserved specimens. Blackwater Ancylid Typically, land snails live on or near the ground, feed on decaying plant matter, and lay their eggs in the soil. Malacological Review, 24: 55-72. Aperture broadly ovate in shape; parietal wall weakly in contact or solute from body whorl; whorls more prominently arched and with a deeper impressed suture. In view of the inconsistency of these shell characters, these three forms may represent only a single species, Campeloma limum, which is widely distributed from the Escambia River system of Florida and Alabama east and north into North Carolina and Virginia. 15). The species was eradicated again in 2021 after being detected in 2011 in Miami-Dade County, according to FDACS. 173). One species occurs naturally in Florida, and three others have been introduced. Knobby Elimia Shell with 3-4 whorls. 94). In others, some or all populations may be parthenogenetic, consisting only of females, or they may have a disproportionately small number of males. TAMPA, Fla. - A horntail snail, an invasive pest common in India, has been found in Miami-Dade County, spurring agriculture officials to start a program to prevent the possible spread of the species, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services said Thursday. Size larger, adults 7 mm or more in width. As a result . The LIOPLACINAE is endemic and include Campeloma, Lioplax, and Tulotoma. Gray to brownish-yellow in color. 130). Shell with about 4.5-5.0 whorls; about 3.0-4.8 mm long (Fig. Each: $28.50 M-890 BANDED TULIP SHELL, Fasciolaria lilium A small predatory snail that feeds on clams. Parietal margin of operculum slightly convex in outline (Fig. Thiarids are ecologically significant because they tend to replace native snails where they are introduced and because of their abundance. 60). (Dall, 1885). 95). Some species are dioecious with a normal representation of males and females. Those available covered only part of the state or part of the fauna. 37), which is important for generic and specific diagnosis. According to the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS), the giant African snail, commonly referred to as GALS by invasive-species aficionados, is native to East Africa . (Clench & Turner, 1956). Swallow-tailed kites are spring and summer residents; snail kites are specially adapted to feed on apple snails in Florida freshwater wetlands year 'round. The snails remain a threat in Hawaii and the Caribbean after their eradication in Florida in 2021. Spiral or costate sculpture usually present. A giant African land snail, photographed at a lab in 2014. Shell elliptical in shape. Snails on corn. 92). Base of shell regularly expanding, not funnel-shaped. "If you see one of these snails,. Aperture without serrate denticles on parietal wall. Planorbella duryi In Pasco County Florida, a quarantine order was issued for people after the re-discovery of the giant African land snail, an invasive species that can harm to humans, structures, and wildlife. Clench, W.J. Penis with papillae along right margin (Figs. Columellar margin of aperture very thick but not reflected over umbilical area (Fig.103). Whorls straight-sided, not scalariform; suture hardly distinct; aperture terminating at periphery of last whorl; vertical ribs weaker and closely spaced; adult size about 25-30 mm long (Fig. By 1973, more than 18,000 snails had been found and destroyed along with thousands of eggs, and the snail was . Biomphalaria havanensis Aperture ovate; baso-columellar angle not extended; basal lip not indented. Ampullariids have been referred to as PILIDAE in earlier editions of this manual. Whorls of spire less rounded. Laevapex fuscus GAINESVILLE, Fla., Feb. 26 (UPI) -- University of Florida researchers have confirmed the presence of a deadly parasite in three non-native species of snails that have colonized South Florida. 10). All freshwater limpets in the southeast belong to this family. Click on the link in the row that best matches your snail. The horntail . Shell usually marked with red or rust-colored spots, flames, or bands (most apparent on juvenile specimens). Pomacea bridgesi 198, 205). 1965. Operculum with concentric growth rings around nucleus (Figs. This family includes four North American genera, Amnicola, Dasyscia, Colligyrus and Lyogyrus, and the European genus Marstoniopsis and some Asian genera. Shell cap-shaped or limpet-like with a wide, open aperture forming base of shell (Figs. Define Invasive Species: must have ALL of the following -. The number of whorls persent on the shell can help you easily identify the snail species. The fixative may damage the shell, but that is unimportant for anatomical purposes. Primarily parthenogenetic; females viviparous with young snails in a brood pouch in nape. Maiden Campeloma Blue Spring Hydrobe 16, 25, 28). Whorls 3.0-4.0. Florida's . Lip of adult shell usually with a thick crest externally and an internal callus. Generally with distinct axial and spiral striations. Shell unicolor, never banded. Escambia Elimia The Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer . Wm. Jan. 28, 2020 . (Menke, 1839). The best times to look for shells are after a high tide, after a storm, in the morning, and during the winter months. B. 75, 76). The focus on most investigations was on rivers north of Florida, and little attention was given to the Florida fauna. Olive NeriteNeritina usnea(Reding, 1798). Euglandina rosea, the rosy wolfsnail or cannibal snail, is a species of medium-sized to large predatory air-breathing land snail, a carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Spiraxidae..