Geogirl. RQ2 (goals) and RQ3 (formats) were implemented as multiple-choice questions (C3 and C5). Nevertheless, as researchers expressions of impact, they provide a suitable textual data basis for developing goal and format categories [82, 83]. Often, these relationships are viewed from one of two opposite directions. Here, we report on the largest section (C: knowledge transfer), which covers our three RQs, and use questions from sections A, B, and F for the explanatory analysis. This might be explained by the fact that university researchers have teaching obligations not faced by those at independent institutes and thus less time for engagement activities. Based on the 2021 AUA Match statistics, 357 positions were filled during this cycle, and this cohort represents 32% of the matched pool of candidates for this season. THE EFFECTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ON SOCIETY Some Important Contributions of Technology (a) (b) (c) Another example is the age of " King Cotton" in the southern United States. Researchers from applied universities are especially likely to have used advisory and collaboration formats. 0000067977 00000 n We think that our results could bring two relevant but still separated discourses closer together, that is, the discourse on impact evaluation and the discourse on science communication/public engagement. For example, many associations for the social sciences and humanities in Germany expressed concern that the BMBF initiative does not take into account the current state of science communication research [24]. In case you need help on any kind of academic writing visit website www.HelpWriting.net and place your order, Do not sell or share my personal information, 1. It should be noted that science is part of society and both the sciences and their publics have differing ideas about robustness and usefulness [32]. Historical antecedents that changes the course of science and technology, Introduction to Science, Technology and Society. Researchers from applied universities typically have the most extensive teaching obligations. Our results add to the ongoing scholarly discourse on societal impact. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254006, Editor: Laurentiu Rozylowicz, University of Bucharest, ROMANIA, Received: February 2, 2021; Accepted: June 18, 2021; Published: July 9, 2021. In particular, we were interested in researchers perspectives on a) societal engagement as a part of scientific activity, b) whether societal impact should be considered more in research evaluation, c) the performance of institutional communication departments in reaching relevant societal stakeholders, and d) the importance of knowledge transfer at the institutions. 0 ratings 0% found this document useful (0 votes) Colorful Retro Vintage Illustration Animated Medical Technology Education Sci No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. Martin, for example, asked pointedly whether the creation of the REF would create a Frankenstein monster, because the costs of conducting the evaluation might outweigh the benefits [8]. The answer categories were based on a structuring content analysis of the REF impact case studies, which we carried out as a prestudy in spring 2019. 0000056585 00000 n https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254006.g001. Positive and negative impact of ICT on society positive impact: A.) 2. Impact of Science on Global Economies Instructor: Denmark Mondonedo Science is a crucial factor in aiding our lives. No, Is the Subject Area "Social media" applicable to this article? PLOS ONE promises fair, rigorous peer review, Here, we report the key results of this study and reflect on potential implications for science governance. Others have argued that evaluations of societal impact are prone to methodological shortcomings [23, 54] and might have unintended behavioral effects [55, 56]. 0000007820 00000 n IJIRT Search Xplore - Search by Paper id, Published paper id, Paper Name, Author Name and Paper Title Search Your Paper Details. The biggest challenges and opportunities of the 21st century are in my opinion related to Sustainability and Technology.<br><br>As a Master of Business Administration and Economics and a Master in Data Science, I am equipped with a broad business knowledge reaching from Sustainability/CSR, Leadership, Strategy, Data and Digitalization to a specialization in the field of Accounting, Taxation . Regarding sociodemographic characteristics, the genders were equally distributed (50% male, 49% female, and 1% others). We would also like to thank Gert G. Wagner and Ricarda Ziegler for their friendly feedback. Hi, welcome to my profile .<br><br>A Bachelor of Social Science (Industrial Psychology and Management) & Bachelor of Commerce (Hons) (Management) graduate with a growth mindset and I educate, refine and drive myself to be a better person.<br><br>With an excellent academic record, I have obtained Certificate of Merits in Technology Management, Corporate Strategy and Advanced Global . here. Such experiments are harmful to human beings since they may have negative effects on the growth and development of people under study. (28) $4.99. Societal impact is also a key component in European research funding [1214]. during the Neolithic Period, about 3500 years BCE,in Mesopotamia and Egypt, two cradles of ancient. This can likely be explained by the experience that older researchers have acquired, which might make them especially well placed to influence public and political decision-making. Challenges today cut across the traditional boundaries of disciplines and stretch across the lifecycle of innovation -- from research to knowledge development and its application. Supervision, Equal proportions of respondents37% eachregard contributing to informed political decision-making and to the physical and mental wellbeing of the population as a societal goal associated with their work. Moreover, our findings contribute to an informed discussion in science governance about the constraints of impact evaluation and might help impact officers and communication professionals at universities to reflect on strategies. We conducted the online survey from April to June 2020. In addition, we suggest that national innovation systems should be studied comparatively in order to understand the impact of policies and to study more closely the relationship between transfer practices and societal impact in specific disciplines. 0000031386 00000 n A topic that meets a societal need or promises to garner the attention of society is often more likely to be picked up as a research topic than an obscure question with little prospect for a larger impact. We hence used a framework for communication inspired by Cohns concept of theme-centered interaction [65, 66] and Luhmans notion of meaning [67, 68] when deriving our explanatory variables. A total of 116 PGY-1 residents completed the survey; 80 completed the entire survey and 36 provided partial responses. p|>0LAe'D)K#9l ;s*2iaO#=I!G7`7cfwO`OO`{(?eq}s+Ou0jW Y} 721})-TP?zahw:CZ5{=>)]S3fy'=maoqV[.')ri:=f|nNjn~=o_G5ezQ:=MG"KS?cW%gEo7Mj8"spElB#;= /+ Assessing the Impact of Unfolding Case Study Scenarios during. PLoS ONE 16(7): Database technology has a direct impact on our daily lives. Overall, 841 people started the survey, 534 of whom completed it (63%). No, Is the Subject Area "Social sciences" applicable to this article? Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. Most of the results are presented as bivariate distributions that cross-tabulate the three dimensions from our conceptual framework with our research questions. Even though the majority of researchers regard public engagement as part of scientific work, they are not equally positive about whether societal impact should have more weight in evaluations. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. It is noteworthy that researchers (especially at universities) do not think that knowledge transfer plays an important role at their institution and that institutional communication departments are reaching relevant societal stakeholders. The main categories of the content analysis were reflected in the questions on societal goals (i.e., What societal impacts do you want to achieve with your research? This shows that researchers are generally in favor of societal impact and regard public engagement as part of scientific activity. This is followed by educational offerings in schools and for civil society (43%), social media communication (38%), advisory formats (33%), and collaborations with nonscientific partners (33%). Two scholarly discourses are particularly relevant for the subject of this study: 1) the discourse in communication and science and technology studies (STS) on the relationship between science and society and 2) the discourse on societal impact measurement in scientometrics and evaluation research. (3) Distribution of the researchers sex across age groups. It has made life easy, but so easy that it may lose its charm some day. For this reason, we conducted a survey among 499 researchers in Germany from April to June 2020. PDF | On May 1, 2020, Taya D Henry and others published Belief in innocence: How factors underlying wrongful convictions influence comfort and confidence in exonerees' innocence | Find, read and. Click here to review the details. Recent models for societal impact have tried to incorporate dialog into their conceptions of societal impact. However, female researchers agree that societal relevance should be part of research evaluation more often than male researchers (62% compared to 44%). Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. The challenges of measuring and assessing impacts are well known in the prior literature on evaluations of societal impact. Impact of Technology on Society 1. This study measures the safety impact of different types of bus stops on the interactions between passengers and cyclists. Through the Topic. Researchers at applied universities agree that societal relevance should have more weight in evaluation more often than those at independent institutes and universitiesthe approval rates are 62%, 49%, and 53% respectively. We designed a standardized instrument, consisting of six sections (A: sociodemographics, B: work context, C: knowledge transfer, D: teaching, E: research, F: general questions, G: personality). Data science is a critical component of modern-day businesses and organizations. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. It contributes to ensuring a longer and healthier life, monitors our health, provides medicine to cure our diseases, alleviates aches and pains, helps us to provide water for our basic needs including our food, provides energy and makes life more fun, including sports, music, entertainment and the latest communication technology. We used the 13 goals that we identified by coding the REF use cases as a framework (e.g., supporting legislative decision making, driving technical innovation, preserving cultural heritage, or protecting the environment). Funding acquisition, Science, technology and innovation must drive our pursuit of more equitable and sustainable development. 0000001500 00000 n Building on the discourse in evaluation research, we refer to broader societal impact, i.e., the benefits that research holds for the economy, individual wellbeing, the environment, and culture [2, 14]. Serving a term of President-Elect 2021-2023, President 2023-2025 and Past-President 2025-2027. Yes Three research questions guided our analysis and structured the presentation of the results; when analyzing each question, we use our three dimensions of explanatory variables (i.e., content, organization, individual) to structure and compare the results. Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society, Berlin, Germany, No, Is the Subject Area "Universities" applicable to this article? 2, No. Furthermore, female researchers (controlled for discipline), applied researchers, and younger researchers are significantly more in favor of including societal relevance in research evaluation. For ages 18 to 29 there were almost twice as many female as male researchers in the sample, while there were almost twice as many males as females in the 50 to 59 age group. Validation, it is good to have more impact), we can still draw some practical conclusions: First, considering the discontent with institutional communication departments, it might be worthwhile to implement decentralized support structures on the mesolevel of research organizations. ; 6 itemsRQ3). It is striking that the disciplinary groups have quite different impact profiles: Scholars from the humanities tend to have culture- and discourse-oriented goals, social scientists have discourse-, social-justice-, and policy-oriented goals, and natural scientists have technology-, health-, and environment-oriented goals. 0000056395 00000 n Female researchers are more interested in supporting minorities (41%) than male researchers (25%). The most recent decades there have been great innovations in varied components of mechanical development which has changed the culture. Writing review & editing, Affiliations This supports many theoretical reflections about the epistemic conditions for societal impact and the different roles that disciplines occupy in society [36, 56, 87]. Vice versa, it makes sense to examine how evaluation policies for societal impact might affect researchers communication behavior. Citation: Fecher B, Hebing M (2021) How do researchers approach societal impact? Impact of Technology on Society. We also find that young researchers (age 1829) are less keen on stimulating public discourse than older ones (37% in comparison to 65% for 3039-year-old researchers) or informing political decision-making (21% for young researchers compared to 48% for 4049-year-old researchers). This PowerPoint goes through the food web and has a picture of the ocean food energy pyramid. Concerning researchers individual characteristics, the analysis shows that social media platforms are used more by younger scientists. According to Bornmann, three main strands of societal impact can be distinguished: First, societal impact as a product (i.e., as an artifact that embodies scientific knowledge), second, societal impact as use (i.e., the adoption of academic knowledge by societal stakeholders), and third, societal impact as benefits (i.e., the effects of the use of research) [2]. However, researchers from applied universities typically have a higher teaching workload. Discover all the effective and impactful Impact On Society presentation templates and google slides. Software, 5.0. Few fields are expanding as much as nursing these days. Before the first large-scale impact agendas were implemented, scholars in STS critically examined the nature and role of science in society, drawing on novel concepts of academic knowledge creation such as Mode 2 [25, 26], academic capitalism [27], post-normal science [28] or Triple Helix [29]. 0000003999 00000 n They are rather transfer-oriented and usually specialized in certain fields (e.g., arts, technology, or business). Researchers from independent institutes should in theory be able to devote more resources to transfer activities than researchers at universities and applied universities, as this latter group has teaching obligations. The REF case studies are available in a public database (https://impact.ref.ac.uk/casestudies/). No, Is the Subject Area "Research quality assessment" applicable to this article? Social scientists are most experienced when it comes to advisory formats. especially in the following areas: Note that university researchers report remarkably low usage of any communication format compared to researchers at applied universities or at independent institutes. Our analysis is based on a survey among 499 researchers in Germany conducted from April to June 2020. To further differentiate societal benefits and formats, we conducted a qualitative prestudy (see Method section). 0000128395 00000 n Governments need to make decisions based on quality scientific information on issues such as health and agriculture, and parliaments need to legislate on societal issues which necessitate the latest scientific knowledge. B\$ $>Q (%3F`LKjI/MB /qd&8 i!ew*JP~DG/ `02@d`f`xxqCC2cga|Dk7ogUpo`dg0h+P*o2|hgs p ` PG endstream endobj 49 0 obj <>>> endobj 50 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 51 0 obj <> endobj 52 0 obj <> endobj 53 0 obj <> endobj 54 0 obj <> endobj 55 0 obj <> endobj 56 0 obj <> endobj 57 0 obj <>stream The main goal for natural scientists is to drive technical innovation (59%), followed by making a contribution to education (58%), and contributing to the physical and mental wellbeing of the population (46%). Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. The impact of technology on society is deep. Fig 1 provides an overview of the sample. 0000002132 00000 n Data Availability: The data underlying this study are available on Kaggle (DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/2366092). In 2019, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) published a policy paper in which it stipulated that societal impact must become part of the academic reputation logic [16]. 0000002003 00000 n trailer <<2DEAD8E3B02D447FAF7FA0708E4F5675>]/Prev 581404>> startxref 0 %%EOF 87 0 obj <>stream https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254006.t001. The problems of keeping everyone fed, clothed, and in reasonable health, and of protecting the country from foreign invasion cannot be solved without science. This, however, corresponded roughly to the general gender distribution in German academia [85, 86]. through formative evaluations [88]. Researchers at universities show the lowest agreement to the statement that knowledge transfer plays an important role at their institution: Only 19% approve compared to 36% at applied universities and 37% at independent institutes. Overall, researchers most important societal goal is to contribute to education (69%), followed by stimulating public discourse (55%). Students will create a poster summarizing their topics, provide real-world examples and data, and provide solutions to these problems. Think you'll never have to ask for help? The radar chart illustrates which goals researchers from our three disciplinary groups pursue when communicating with nonscientific audiences. Furthermore, researchers at universities particularly disagree with the statement that their communication departments are able to reach relevant stakeholders in society: Only 15% approve compared to 28% at applied universities and 44% at independent research institutes. To ask about sociodemographic factors (sections A & B), we re-used questions that had already proved useful in a previous survey [77, 80]. 0000056508 00000 n Science, technology, society and environment ( STSE) education, originates from the science technology and society (STS) movement in science education. Smoking advertisements have "promoted the continued social acceptability and encouraged the incorrect belief that the majority of people smoke" (Source B). There are noteworthy differences among academic status groups: 60% of doctoral researchers but only 42% of postdocs and 47% of professors in our sample agree that societal relevance should have more weight in evaluation. One of the most important effects education has on society is giving the people who live in a society the skills they need to compete in the global marketplace, and the skills they need to produce technological goods that can be sold on the open market. Work One reason for this discrepancy may be that researchers fear that evaluations will lead to additional work or that they will not adequately record their transfer activities [23, 60, 64]. This article contributes to this discourse by addressing researchers perspectives on societal impact, that is, their opinions on societal impact (RQ1), the societal goals they associate with their research (RQ2), and the formats they use to engage with society (RQ3). Zip. In the following, we will delineate these two discourses and reflect on their implications for this study. Science and technology have had both a From this, we conclude that societal goals are best explained by the disciplinary backgrounds of researchers. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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