diy supercharger for mgb diy supercharger for mgb

Get the best deals on Turbos, Superchargers & Intercoolers for MG MGB when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. Your engine should be in sound operating condition before you add the supercharger. BTGK-LW, $109) and an Automotive Racing Products head stud kit (part no. Is this in fact the case? This Model-Specific kit allows you to add full air-conditioning your classic, easily and professionally. This system provides you with powerful air conditioning. I haven't figured out how i'm going to deal with changing the pulleys to get my desired boost yet. As you can see here, most of the action is on the drivers side of the engine. While theMGBwasnt always trouble-free, Bill held onto it. High Performance Products, an Australian firm, offers bolt-on supercharger kits for the MGB and MGA as well as the original Mini. as long as you're spinning it fast enough but not too fast. Mama mia! It's very small and pumps about 400cc. External 50mm V-Band Clamp Down Turbo Charger Wastegate + Internal Psi Spring (Fits: MG MGB) $46.99. Vmaxscart B series MGB supercharger kit based on our best selling A series kit, Complete with pulleys , belt, supercharger, pre jetted and modified DCOE carburetor, decompression plate, air filter and gaskets etc. This supercharger has the same, 45 cubic inch displacement as the unit fitted to the 2002 Mini Cooper S. However,it has a simpler design, is more compact at 11" long,6.5" wide and 5" high, and weighs only 16 lbs. Moss includes a new alternator and a cast-iron water pump to ensure trouble-free operation. | Alfa Spider vs. MGB vs. TR6 vs. Miata. 38mm Aluminum Top Steel V-Band Gold External Waste Gate For Supercharger Turbo (Fits: MG MGB) $43.99. Drove like a 2 litre, only downside being it drank fuel like a 4 litre. Then we pushed it further with more boost, more camshaft and an improved cylinder head. 207018or no. Original fit has it clutch driven off the back of the water pump IIRC. On a 350 Chev, Weiand estimates an extra 100-120hp with one of its low-blow superchargers on an otherwise stock motor. $134.99. And that power is unobtrusive, tooit just builds nicely. . After the installation was complete, the car had no problems starting or running, although with a slightly rich mixture. Inside, the details continue. **Note: we designed a bespoke GM temperature sensor mount to enable EFI for 1275cc A-Series engines, or to run an electric temperature gauge, pictured below and available by clicking here. Now Moss has turned its attention to the MGB, one of the most popular and populous British sportscars of all time. I go to Hope College for Mechanical Engineering, I'm on the Formula SAE team, and like to work on cars in my free time. We provide shop-tested, on-line instructions for each project with photos and videos. Is your favorite classic car properly insured? Big Boost Upgrade Pulley. According to Eatons website, [u]nlike turbocharging, Eaton superchargers provide instant throttle response and torque across the engine's entire powerband. Also, superchargers do not require custom exhaust work or a dedicated oil feed line, and they do not raise temperatures under the bonnetlike a turbocharger. (.345 Bars) of boost at sea level on a stock 1275cc A-Series engine, running a 3.1" supercharger pulleywhat we call the mild-mannered 'Stage I' setup. The car is a 1967 MG Midget with an internally stock 1275 e. This is the Creative Spridgets DIY intercooled supercharger conversion for all A-Series engines. The new MGB supercharger system uses the same Eaton positive-displacement, Roots-type supercharger found on contemporary OE applications such as Mercedes-Benz and Jaguar. See the serpentine belt conversion page for details. Was: $249.99. $329.99. While SU carburetors dont have the programmability of a modern fuel-injection setup, they are extremely flexible in mixture adjustment due to their multi-stepped mixture needle and available damper springs. I printed the drawing, cut it out, and test fitted it. It's fun to see a DIY SC build. I mean posted! Yeast Infection Sores On Buttocks Pictures, Our car never made more than 64 horsepower at the wheels, even with its upgradesconsiderably better than stock, but still no screamer. A set of colder N7Y sparkplugs and a high-flow K&N air filter are also included. DIY Supercharger Conversion with Intercooler for 948, 1098 and 1275 A-series MG Midget, Austin Healey Sprite, and Morris Minor - Overview . The moment you change or update anything from the "as delivered" from the factory, enjoy the improvements. With performance, people are always looking for the silver bullet and often come up empty-handed. October 19, 2022 @ 4:02 pm Supercharging has some inherent side effects that need to be addressed. I'll just have to retune the car once the blower is on. Accessories include a four-rib serpentine belt-drive system to ensure pulley alignment, a new alternator to ensure fresh bearings, and even a new cast-iron water pump to replace the aluminum pump on your model. Fortunately, the blower housing casting is very thick in this area, which allowed room for the modifications. Moss will roll out these MGB supercharging systems in three groups: The first wave will be for 1966-74 (150-068), the second production run covers 1975-80 (rubber bumpers), and finally for the earlier 1962-67 models. Forgot to mention the internal gearbox on the M24; 2:1 approx from memory. 143-110, $239.95) with an electronic conversion using a Pertronix Ignitor ($91.45). | #FastFriday, Come see us at this weekends Radwood at The Amelia, see two of our raddest project cars, Giving our Miata the aero edge that it really deserves, Show your Grassroots Motorsports love boldly with a flag, How to barter your way to low-buck racing glory. SU HIF44 . Normal engine maintenance is no more difficult with the supercharger installed. Also, modifying an A-Series engine to achieve 90 to 100 h.p. Dan Ewing Partner, After the paper copy fit well, I used the school's 3D printer to get a better model. And the torque curve? 2023 Motorsport Marketing. Following the formula and experience derived from the T-series kit, Moss has adapted an Eaton M-45 supercharger unit for use with the MGB 's 1798cc four-cylinder B-series engine. Hopefully I can figure it out. A restomod project, Bill calls it. Although you do not need any internal modifications to supercharge your A-Series engine (the red 67 MG Midget shown above and in the installation instructions has an internally stock engine) you may consult an experienced engine-builder about a supercharger-specific camshaft and larger valves for neck-snapping acceleration. However, I thought I would take advantage of my school's resources. Was: $249.99. . Were not completely satisfied with the lower radiator hose configuration, but we are living with it for now. AddThis Utility Frame Supercharger Kits - MGB From 7.40 Superchargers have been used on cars and piston engined aircraft since before World War II in order to obtain maximum power without losing vital torque. Regular price 85.00. At that point, it let out a large cloud of black smoke and rapidly lost powerprobably about 5 horsepower, judging by how the graph looked. Regular price 110.00. The new MGB supercharger system uses the same Eaton positive-displacement, Roots-type supercharger found on contemporary OE applications such as Mercedes-Benz and Jaguar. 84 Likes, 0 Comments - Natur Kreativ Diy Brn (@barnepjat) on Instagram: "En Pskehne cyklus jnene i gget er lavet af brnenes fingeraftryk Kyllingen er malet med" After about a month of the blower on craigslist I offered the guy $100 and he took it. MODEL-SPECIFIC DESIGNED. Performance improved immediately after we made these modifications. Think performance thats closer to a modified Triumph TR6 than a stock MGB. To get started, purchase our 5-rib A-series crankshaft pulley and click here for online instructions and a parts list with cost estimates. On the dyno, the car would pull well until we hit about 5300 rpm. Once that charge is burned, its got no choice but to force itself out through the exhaust. The Moss supercharger system comes with a 2.75-inch blower drive pulley that produces 7.5-8.25 psi of boost at sea level. DIY Cmo construir una increble casa de acuario con bolas magnticas ASMRThanks for watching and don't forget to SUBSCRIBE for more videos. SUBSCRIBE: DIY . Very nice to lookat, with a wooden almost dead feel at the wheel. If you locate other models fitted with this blower, please let us know so that we may update this page. $52.99. His car looked good, offered open-air motoring, and got him from Point A to Point B. Suercharger was fitted via an alloy adapter plate to a manifold intended for a twin choke downdraught Weber from a front wheel drive SIMCA/Talbot. Please enjoy the discussion forums below and share . In spite of its modern origin, Moss was careful to design the system to look period correct. For a better analysisincluding the opportunity to measure horsepower and torquewe took the car to Baker Engineering for a few pulls on their Dynojet chassis dynamometer. 40K views 4 years ago How to build a supercharger/ blower manifold from scratch using basic tools and materials. woodside bhp merger presentation. I bought the old GRM Turbo Miata project car last fall and I don't need this car to be anywhere as fast as that one. $134.99. It served him well while he grew his new Silicon Valleysemiconductorbusiness. Moss Motors new MGB force-feeder increases flywheel horsepower by up to 50%. All rights reserved. All rights reserved. Superchargers have been used on cars and piston engined aircraft since before World War II in order to obtain maximum power without losing vital torque. The longer number is the Mercedes designation. Moss Motors recently introduced a new supercharger system for MGBs that is fairly simple to bolt on and nearly doubles rear-wheel horsepower (40%-50% at the flywheel) without any internal engine modifications. Even a140 HP NASP T-Sereis would be a significant improvement and they should be more easily available for pennies. We went back to the stock-spec plugs (NGK BPR6ES, equivalent to Champion RN9YC) and eliminated all problems. www.superchargerforums.com/threads/eaton-compressor-maps.94/, Mounting a carb on the back of the supercharger, Getting a tune on it which allows for decent drive-ability. Moss includes colder spark plugs with the kit to help avoid detonation issues (NGK BPR7ES, which are equivalent to Champion RN7YC), but we found that they caused a hesitation with our car. 222-270 for $325, including lifters). Best of all, Miata owners can no longer kick sand in your face! A 70% increase in torque and a 95% increase in horsepower at the wheels certainly qualify as impressive. I watched craigslist for a couple months and found a Mercedes M45 for $200. I had one years ago. This brings up the first tricky part of the installation, as there are different flange thicknesses for various exhaust manifolds and headers out there. Blowers make horsepower and lots more torque than a standard engine. HIF44 Carburetor Damper for Supercharger . Really liking the start of this, my dad and I have been wondering if we should turbo or supercharge our Miata, kinda exactly like you are, keep up the good work. The Moss system almost looks and functions like it was a factory-installed option. A wide-band air/fuel ratio gauge allows to Bill to make sure the car is running properly. Going to have to follow this because budget boost builds that are well done fascinate me. Sure, Bills B is stiffer than a stock example and handles a lot better, but the ride quality has not been ruined. | We test-drove the supercharger system on a Moss customers car. diy supercharger for mgb. Its rugged and uses a four-rib serpentine belt. A British car shop in Morgan Hill, eh? These flanges meet up with the intake manifold flanges at the mounting points, so alignment is critical to avoid leaks. Having been on the MGF/TF scene for 5+ years I have seen several Turbo Technics convertions, but have never come accross a BBR conversion fitted on an F/TF. a DIY'er will have about $7,000 between a rebuilt T5 five speed, a used engine and all the bits and . *Note: Mosss alternator conversion kit is $270. After installing new accelerator and choke cables, we hooked up the lines for the fuel, vacuum, PCV and anti-run-on systems before bolting on the air filter assembly. Looking at the air/fuel curve from the dyno data, we saw that the mixture had gone extremely rich above 4000 rpm, robbing us of a little power. A thrifty four-cylinder is just thatuntil you roll into the throttle and boost kicks in. The supercharger itself is an Eaton M-45 unit attached to a specially cast intake manifold. (The center two cylinders are fed by the same passage in the cylinder head.) First you must understand the idiosyncrasies of the engine you are supercharging. HIF44 Viton Tipped Needle & Seat. Many have already done so! If you run a generator and wish to upgrade to an alternator for our conversion, you will save yet another $200. Also eliminated are detonation from a heated intake chargecommon where the supercharger bolts to the head via a shallow plenum manifoldand back-firing from gasoline condensing in the blowers rotor chamber when the engine is cold. SPONSORED. The M24 works on the VW because its only a 1.4 and actually gets disconnected by 3200rpm (by which point the turbo has woken up). Which doesn't look too dissimilar to the bottom of this ickle supercharger That supercharger is off of a VW 1.4 TSI which also runs a turbo I believe, It is an Eaton EZ4. Share. Plus, one of its chrome headlight rings had been jettisoned. Features 373-627 . The steering is still light. At 6 psi, I wouldn't. Cylinder Heads. We ran it on the dynamometer every step of the way, and now we can report onit. This is how a properly sorted car behaves. An easy DIY fit and adds around 35 bhp and 35 lbs ft to what you currently have. For example, the first time a Honda thats capable of stopping from 60mph in 115 feet slams on the brakes in front of your freshly painted, newly chromed restoration, youll appreciate your modern, upgraded brakes. Previously, the car required 14 seconds to reach 60 mph; with the supercharger, the car was consistently coming in at 10 secondsa significant improvement. Automatic spring tensioner eliminates slippage and enables instant belt changes using a 3/8 rachet driver, Use either a compact, dual internal fan 90-amp CS121D Saturn alternator, the popular CS130-style early Saturn alternator, a late model stock Spridget alternator, or (pictured) a converted generator. As discussed here, this stealth Audi A4 intercooler hidden behind the grille reduced intake charge temperature by as much as 127.8 F. The horns, and the heater control vane (in 1967 Spridgets only), are relocated as described here: The system is designed to generate 5.0 psi. Currently there are two versions of the supercharger available: one for the 1968-74 chrome-bumper cars, and another for the later rubber-bumper cars. All of the photos of the Moss Motors S/C were more "stylistic" and fit the stock engine compartment better, asthetically speaking. After more inspection it seemed like the blower was just rebuilt and never run. The supercharger is an MP62 and sits right where you mocked up yours. Free shipping on many items | Browse your favorite brands | affordable prices. Also, make sure you have an air temp sensor that can handle over 200F. This is not a problem on Bill Hilands bright-yellow car, as hes managed to enhance the characteristics that attract people to the MGB. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Everybody has a favorite car, and for many, many Americans who came of age in the 60s and 70s that machine is the ubiquitousMGB. DIY Projects for MG Midget & Austin Healey Sprite . With the radiator, front pulley, alternator, water pump and intake system removed, the engine was ready for the supercharger installation. MGA, MGB - Low Compression or Modified Engines . With the Moss kit bolted on as delivered, we could immediately tell good things had happened. Using a 3/8" ratchet driver, flex the tensioner's spring, install the belt taking care to ensure that its micro-Vs are seated in each pulley's grooves, and then release the tension. I would also vote "yes" for the enhanced B. It never did this on the street, but the increased load from the dyno must have been exacerbating the mixture problem. Since I bought it, I've replaced the engine, gearbox, swapped in a viscous limited slip, added Konis, RE71Rs, and a big front sway bar. 6:17 amJanuary 24, 2015 jshmg. greenbean rpo durham; 2475 garrison ave port saint joe fl 32456; port orchard death notices; you are being rate limited discord phone number; why did the socs attack ponyboy and johnny Love the way it sounds, but hate the way it stops. 1275/998 Deluxe DIY Supercharger kit 595.00 A Rolling road tune 85.00 Alloy front pulley in 110,115,120mm 110.00 Billet alloy MGB B series supercharger manifold 475.00 Billet Manifold 565.00 Billet Supercharger cam with followers 245.00 Carburettor jet drills 12.00 Cast alloy manifold for mini supercharger kit 325.00 6:17 amJanuary 24, 2015 jshmg. DougHigbee. DIY Supercharged 1971 MGB. An old article, I know, but new to me and this part caught my eye: An MGB challenge is its siamese center intake ports in the cylinder head. If the kit was installed on a poor-running car, it would probably run worse. You may love the way it looks, but hate the lack of power. The supercharger is an MP62 and sits right where you mocked up yours. MGA, MGB - Low Compression or Modified Engines. The fun-to-drive factor increases 100%. How to build a supercharger/ blower manifold from scratch using basic tools and materials.We show you what it took to build a manifold from scratch using basic tube and flat steel, a welder and grinder to create a ford 250ci manifold which fits a Weiand 177 supercharger. Not long ago I had the pleasure of helping a friend move some of his collection of almost 100 point cars. The kit includes the supercharger itself as well as a specially cast intake manifold, brand-new SU HIF 44 carburetor, K&N air filter, new water pump, multi-ribbed serpentine drive belt system, new accelerator and choke cables, and all the miscellaneous pieces needed to finish the installation. Heres a prototype kit laid out so you can see all thats included, right down to new colder spark plugs and a K&N high-flow air filter. 373-627 . Home . In fact, youll wish you had another gear or an overdrive transmission. Moss offers a $190 high boost pulley kit, consisting of one smaller pulley, an adjuster bracket, and hardware. Historically, supercharging has enjoyed periods of dignity and disgrace. I bought this 1992 Miata two years ago as a winter beater. Spotify Playlist: http://bit.ly/ArgofoxSP YouTube Playlist: http://bit.ly/ArgofoxUL SoundCloud Playlist: http://bit.ly/ArgofoxSC Stream on Spotify: http://smarturl.it/SomethingNewS Support on iTunes: http://smarturl.it/SomethingNewT Download on SoundCloud: http://smarturl.it/SomethingNewC SANDR https://soundcloud.com/sandredm https://www.facebook.com/SANDRedm https://twitter.com/SANDRmusic Argofox https://soundcloud.com/argofox https://facebook.com/argofox https://youtube.com/argofox https://twitter.com/argofox https://discord.gg/argofox If you use this track on YouTube, please link to this upload in your description. Almost as critical as manifold design is the fuel delivery system. Behind this very smooth, very tractable and very powerful engine is a Ford Sierra five-speed gearbox conversion that also came from Pierce Manifolds. It takes in a mixture of air and fuel and pushes out exhaust gasses, making power in the middle. As far as MGBs go, Bills particular car wasnt anything too special. In early testing, Bills B pulled 125 horsepower at the wheelshe figures around 80 more than a stock late-model MGB would produce. Using just basic tools you'll be able to install this kit with a minimum of modifications. The spring assembly is part of the pop-off valve that protects the supercharger in case of a backfire in the intake system. For draw-through forced-induction applications and naturally aspirated cars, we offer a different adapter. Jan 1, 2022 - Vmaxscart B series MGB supercharger kit based on our best selling A series kit, Complete with pulleys , belt, supercharger, pre jetted and modified DCOE carburetor, decompression plate, air filter and gaskets etc. HSB-142, $136) from Advanced Performance Technology. It looked possible to make fit under the hood. Our 1973 MGB GT had a rebuilt engine with about 20,000 miles on it. First-time drivers are often surprised at how nicely these cars travel down a road. Our goal is to provide Spridget owners with the least-expensive route . Absolute yes if it makes the car safer or improves drivability. One of these enthusiasts isBillHiland. He took me for a ride in one once - frightened the life out of me. So it only makes sense that Moss Motors is reviving the tradition of blown Britishcars. For example, theres the artful way Bill flared the fenders, integrated air ducts, and added nerf bars. 4-Bolt Idler Plate Upgrade for Supercharger . The town couldn't be more aptly named unless it was in Oildale. Why not get a Rover T-series turbo engine complete? Second, understanding the airflow discharge characteristics of the supercharger is a must. When bolted on a 1250cc engine, it produces 6-8 psi of boost and around 40% more power. 206127, which is OEM equipment on the 1999 to 2003 Mercedes Benz SLK230 Kompressor coupe and some 1999-2000 Mercedes Benz C230 modelsbut in any case without an electronic clutch. 8 jna, 2022; bayside council clean up 2021; edelstahl grillrost rund This is another 1967 MGB GT, this one in left-hand-drive configuration. 159 . Similar in appearance to the Marshall units available in the past, the Moss kit features a modern Eaton supercharger for higher efficiency and betterdrivability. $52.99. Thanks for the advice! You can also detect a slight hint of supercharger whine at full throttle (its a pleasing sound for us motorheads), but otherwise you have none of the usual negative symptoms of modified engines. This step took one hour of our five-hour installation time. I put a 1800CC MGB engine, O/D and an early MGB rear end in my 1958 MGA Coupe. Most inexperienced tuners start by blaming the induction side of the engine equation, but remember an old saying: Most carburetor problems are ignition-related. $134.99. If you budget enough for the supercharger, the proper ignition system, an exhaust change if necessary, andvery importantget the engine properly tuned, youll end up with a significant power increase and good drivability for around $4000 or less. Keeping up with traffic and passing on two-lane roads can be a struggle. You can remove the distributor without disconnecting the high tension wires from the cap, replace the spark plugs with a standard ratchet and spark plug socket, access the oil dipstick and valve train as usual, and remove the serpentine belt in seconds to service the water pump or alternator: While fitting an intercooler is optional, doing so provides a cooler, denser mixture and eliminates the need to remove the engine to install low-compression pistons or retard the ignition timing. It used a Magnusson supercharger 'sucking' through a big SU carb. This all sounds too good to be true. My dad (Carl Heideman) has built a supercharged MGB and TR6 that he's written about in GRM and CMS. Two from Sean Brown's Flowspeed.com (re-orientated to match the others): On the left a 12H906 head he says were the earliest used on the MGB from 64-65, however this is more like Porter's middle picture. And if they can install itwell, you know the rest. To match the thicknesses of these parts, Moss includes shims and super glue. He needed some wheels and was taken in by theMGBs style, rugged simplicity and promise of top-down fun. Also, turbochargers require custom exhaust work, a dedicated oil feed line, and exhibit a lag in generating boost. Im assuming youd be going with a suck-through carb - one assumes the M-series Eatons are happy with compressing an air/fuel mix? MGB 1965-67 with Moss Supercharger. CUD 2901. Inexpensive (1/3 the cost of packaged kits), Simple to install & completely reversible. Since our car had a Peco exhaust header instead of the stock cast exhaust manifold that Moss recommends, we found an incompatibility. Fag packet maths suggests you could, suitably geared, squeeze 90bhp from it but given the B series isnt as efficient as a modern 16V direct injection TSI VAG lump you might fall short of that. Moss has taken Eaton's smallest supercharger, the 45-cubic-inch M-45 unit, and integrated it into a comprehensive kit that includes every nut, bolt and component necessary for installation in the MGB. We also found that with the stock head and camshaft, wed couldnt give the car more than 32 degrees total ignition timing advance (vacuum advance disconnected) before detonation would set in. Watch on Here the car easily paces traffic and overtakes slower vehicles on the freeway, effortlessly surging from 72 mph to 80 mph (Datsun 5-speed transmission with 3.9:1 differential). Supercharger Kits - MGB Superchargers have been used on cars and piston engined aircraft since before World War II in order to obtain maximum power without losing vital torque. Installing Rear Disc Brakes on a Spridget. It'll be much lighter, plus you don't have to paint it. Home . Our Moss supercharger system produces 5-6 psi of boost at sea level and bolted to a stock engine you can expect a minimum 50% increase in rear wheel horsepower. This is an early prototype mockup of the supercharger drive system. More than you might suspect. A first step in preparing the A-series engine for our DIY intercooled supercharger conversion was engineering a serpentine belt drive. Our car runs the Lucas 45D Eurospec distributor (Moss part no. I'm hoping to use the Engineering Department's two axis plasma cutter to cut the final one out of steel. Check out the dyno chart from the test car. For 160 rwhp, it's pretty happy. CREATIVE SPRIDGETS is an interactive design workshop for DIY performance and reliability modifications requiring ordinary shop tools, commonly available auto parts, and where necessary, CNC-machined core components. If you get the change to drive an early car like this, that is stock, you might start down the road of "what if". athol ma police scanner frequency; rebound velocity of ball; burnett's cherry cola vodka; 1 million sesterces to dollars; healthy canned sardine recipes While its price requires serious thought, its on par with other proven power-adding methods. Our goal is to provide Spridget owners with the least-expensive route . Keith, I never thought of looking into the IAT sensor range. Moss also sells a smaller 2.60-inch pulley that spins the blower faster, upping boost to 9.75-10 psiideal for modified engines with ported heads and hotter cams. The supercharger is a high-volume, low-pressure air compressor that simply forces a larger air/fuel charge into the engine. Click here to review the installation instructions, click here for FAQs, or continue reading for benefits and an overview of the project. The inlet is kind of convoluted to get to fit in the space between that board and your strut bracket, but it can be done with some appropriately sized tubing, metal or plastic plumbing. Please use our contact formand we will post the figures you achieve in a table available in the online instructions webpage. Of course, the powertrain is much improved, as this supercharged machine is quite quick. Nonetheless, we feel the correct advance curve is paramount to a successful installation. blower as configured for at least two Mercedes Benz cars, which a European colleague has informed us may bear different designations. Originally posted on MGB tips mods and maintenance: Ron Hopkinson Rear Anti-roll Bar I have been aware of the mounting brackets to the rear. The 1.4tsi blower is an Eaton M24 I think. First, we ran the kit straight out of the box as delivered from Moss. Neat! *NOTE: some Spridgets may require a low-profile cap to create sufficient clearance, SU no. 2.5" Diy Turbo Charger Intercooler + 12Pc Piping Pipe Kit T-Bolt Clamps Couplers (Fits: MG MGB) $174.99.